Modernism in Design edited by ... free essay sample

Innovation in Design altered by Paul Greenhalgh This is an elegantly composed and exhaustive assortment of articles assessing various points entwined with Modernism, concentrating especially on Modernism in engineering and inside structure. Paul Greenhalgh was an individual from the Department of Research at the Victoria and Albert exhibition hall and a coach on the VA/RCA plan course. The point of the book is to recreate Modernism as a verifiable wonder to which is a thought that I concur with, anyway the book was exceptionally exhausting and unengaging. The book itself had little outline, where a photograph was possibly embedded when alluding to a particular, i.e (p.84) delineates Makarts studio just to represent the studio. When examining such a fascinating theme, for example, Modernism and particularly in Architecture the assortment of expositions could have been defaced by an all the more intriguing medium. The substance of the book was hard to follow, as the language appeared to be conversational or still in thought. The book is fascinating on the grounds that there is no inclination. It permits both the partialities and inclinations permitting the peruser to shape basic and thoughtful points of view. Innovation in Design and engineering developed in the repercussions of the First World War and the Russian Revolution. During the years between the World wars, Modernist plan and craftsmanship shared certain basic standards: a dismissal of enrichment and applied decoration; an inclination for reflection; and a conviction that structure and innovation could change society. Post war a large portion of the world should have been fixed. Individuals were living in annihilation and the world should have been modified. To proceed onward from the annihilation it additionally should have been updated. Which prompted the pioneer belief system of building Utopia. Configuration was seen to be able to change the awareness of the individuals who were carried into contact with it. For instance, if one somehow happened to upgrade a city, this would not just improve the ecological conditions off the individuals who lived in it, it would can possibly move their mental outlook(Greenhalgh, 1990 p.13) Modernism was not considered as a style however a free assortment of thoughts. For instance you were unable to name a plan itself as an innovator structure anyway the techniques used to make the structure could thought about piece of the pioneer development. The system prospered in Germany, Holland, Moscow, Paris, Prague and New York. A conviction that the human condition could be relieved or recuperated by new ways to deal with craftsmanship and plan. There are 12 recognizable center basic thoughts of Modernism which were recorded in the book:1. Decompartmentalisation 2. Social Morality3. Truth4. The all out show-stopper 5. Technology6. Function7. Progress8. Anti-Historicism 9. Abstraction 10. Internationalism/unversiality 11. Transformation of awareness 12. Philosophy In no specific request, I concur that internationalism/comprehensiveness and capacity, were two center thoughts exemplified in the pioneer period. We could state that the innovation development was part into two stages, the pioneer stage opening in the midst of the First World War, the second stage I will name the advancement of International style. Worldwide style was an effective exertion to make an assembled unmistakable style for the regular. With global collaboration the mission for a quiet world can be accomplished, this at that point prompts a general plan. Which is as yet noticeable in plan today that items can be seen the truth about all around, regardless of, key contrasts in language and time. While portraying the innovator development Greenhalgh utilizes language like middle class to depict the individuals legitimately included. Alluding to the pioneers as average this persuades this a specific gathering of individuals; whom I am inexperienced with, because of the way that I am not working class. In this way, despite the fact that, innovation influenced the world both legitimately and in a roundabout way, with long haul impacts; the individuals who straightforwardly profited would be those of working class or higher. A global language profited nobody aside from the individuals who every now and again voyaged abroad†¦and such individuals would in general be well off instead of poor Kettle, Tefal.Ive added another center basic plan to the pioneer development which is immortality. Greenhalgh alludes to agelessness as often as possible all through the readings however doesnt notice it as a center thought. Reflection, is, one of the center thoughts however, which permits me to accept that immortality was forgotten about deliberately. Pioneers themselves couldn't have had immortality as a typical thought without the advantage of knowing the past. How might you see a structure to be ageless in the event that you are living in the hour of the plan. Greenhalgh quickly kids about the advantage of knowing the past/time saw from the protected separation of the 1990s however doesn't really expound of how recipient knowing the past is while seeing the sequence of the Modern Movement in Design. I concur with idea that originators no longer structure for themselves, in the midst of and after the pioneer development. Post-innovation has for quite a few years commended the passing of the writer and concentrated its considerations on the job of the peruser. Everything is intended for the shopper as we live in an entrepreneur world (paying little mind to east or west) where prevalence rises to cash and cash rises to control. Greenhalgh begins by focusing on that in his referral to present day he doesn't mean new or now or contemporary or most popular trend however explicit approachs and conviction frameworks. In any case, in the readings it is obvious to me that Modernists thought of themselves as the new the now the contemporary the most stylish trend and appeared to dispose of the praise to their antecedents as though everything that they have made is completely outsider. Maybe, with the advantage of advancing right around 100 years into the future, I can see the development of plan. In spite of the fact that, I can recognize the transformative hypothesis of structure, with the advantage of knowing the past I can likewise distinguish where the essential principals and basics must be followed in plan.

What influences demand for housing? :: Economics

What impacts interest for lodging? There are many key factors that will influence the interest for lodging a portion of the simple ones to see are populace and cost. These factors impact loads of products as the bigger measure of individuals the more buyers there will be. With value a buyer will consistently wish to pay the most reduced sum for a decent. On the off chance that the cost gets to high, at that point they will locate a substitute. Taking a gander at populace in more detail it isn't as basic as it would first show up. You could simply say the open will purchase a house and the progressively open there will be there is more interest for the great. This thusly would permit lodging organizations to charge bigger costs thus just the rich can manage the cost of it. The issue is that individuals don't need to purchase a house they can lease one or offer one. Just as these elements they can apply for a new line of credit to purchase the house and pay it back over a time of time. Credit organizations charge intrigue and when loan costs are low more individuals take out credits as they don't need to take care of such a huge whole of cash. With bunches of credits organizations coming up, it has become easy for anybody to get advance whatever their experience resembles. Leasing a house should be possible from various perspectives. A few people make their vocation in it they purchase bunches of houses and lease them to individuals who are unfit to purchase a house. This is useful for individuals who are just in the nation for a brief timeframe, as you can charge them enormous sums on account of the area of your home. A few people don't have any cash whatsoever and are in an awful monetary state and are given a house/level by the gathering. They despite everything need to pay cash to live in the house however not exactly from private lease business. Private lease organizations are there to make a benefit and will charge more significant expenses what's more, have better quality products to coordinate. When taking a gander at value it ordinarily goes on a set example that as high costs implies less interest and vis versa. The issue was this didn't occur and taking a gander at figure 4.8. This is because of the low intrigue rates charged by advance organizations referenced previously. While tending to others factors you have to take a gander at the nation and is it experiencing a type of occasion. During a downturn people are think that its difficult to find a new line of work because of high joblessness. With this the interest for new house with people in general wouldn't turn into an extravagance that

This one goes out to the parent

This one goes out to the parent DID YOU KNOW? The city of Portland, Oregon was named for Portland, Maine. What a coincidence that Matts entry on thanking parents came on Sams Moms birthday! Happy birthday, Sams Mom! Anyway, you may have seen the MIT homepage today when you were like, ARRRRRGHUS!! I NEED TO KNOW IF I GOT IN TO MIT!! MAYBE THEY SPONTANEOUSLY DECIDED TO POST THEIR ADMISSION DECISIONS AT 10:37 PM TODAY! URAAAAAAAAAAAGH!! In doing so, you may have noticed that it was advertising the MIT Coal Study, an interdisciplinary work prepared by some of MITs most noted energy professors detailing the future of fossil fuels in the United States. Although renewable fuels and turkey carcasses are awesome and everything, considering that like 3% of our current energy comes from renewable sources, to be honest, we arent going to satisfy the 10^18 Joules per year that the US needs in a sustainable fashion anytime soon. So, until we get a big sustainable infrastructure in place, coalwith carbon sequestration in placemight not be a bad transitional solution. But speaking of sustainable energy, I just found out that [emailprotected], a student group started by Joe 08 and eventually joined by just about everybody Ive ever met, just won a $25,000 grant from MTVU and GE. Seriously! $25,000! Won by somebody whose house I have been inside! ARGH! All Ive been doing tonight is sitting in my room listening to Ween, meanwhile Joe 08 won $25,000 to save MIT. So I got this e-mail this morning from my 10.491: Integrated Chemical Engineering II professor, Dr. Gregory take your hands off the keyboard McRae. Dear 10.491 ICE Students: Yesterday in Washington we released the MIT Future of Coal report there was a lot of interest in the findings and especially the involvement of Course 10 ICE students. I will present a summary of the findings in class on Monday. In the mean time your can see the report itself at web.mit.edu/coal (See todays MIT spash page and in particular look at the Acknowledgements Section. You may also recognize the table of numbers in Box 1 of the Executive Summary they were derived from your answers to Homework problem number 1) or just a few of the press articles at http://news.google.com/news?hl=enned=usie=UTF-8ncl=1114446307 I will see you in class on Monday, have a good weekend and remember the final report is due very soon!! Cheers Greg Last years senior class had the opportunity to contribute to this report with their 10.491 projects. We, on the other hand, are still contributing to the future of coal research at MIT, because Professor McRae is kind of a big deal. But what have I contributed? Oh, basically nothing, I feel like! Ive been on grad school visits for the past 3 weeks, which are basically like CPW except with even more free stuff and free airfare, and swanky hotel rooms instead of the floor in my dorm room. Thanks to my visit to California last weekend, I now have sunburn to the point where my skin is peeling off, and its 30 degrees outside. Its surreal. I think my group would beat my face, if they werent all really nice girls who live in Next House. Anyway, the moral of the entry is that you shouldnt pick a Calfiornia school over MIT, because you will probably get sunburn and die. I had this rule that I would write a blog entry before I would allow myself to play Super Smash Bros. Melee tonight, but I think I should change that to write like 10 pages of our final report before I write a blog entry, before I play Super Smash Bros. Melee. Also, this entry will be updated by tomorrow morning. I promise!

Study Essay example - 650 Words

Read the article Diagnosis Coding and Medical Necessity: Rules and Reimbursement by Janis Cogley located on the AHIMA Body of Knowledge (BOK) at http://www.ahima.org. This article discusses how Medicare Carriers and Fiscal Intermediaries use coverage determinations to establish medical necessity. When the condition(s) of a patient are expected to not meet medical necessity requirements for a test, procedure, or service, the provider has the obligation under the Beneficiary Notices Initiative to alert the Medicare beneficiary prior to rendering the service. The Medicare beneficiary is notified via the Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN) (see page 235 in Appendix B). The Medicare beneficiary may choose to complete the ABN and provide†¦show more content†¦Therefore, these codes should be used to identify stable angina and documentation should support that diagnosis. Further, around $20,790.00 has been written off due to ABNs not being issued for this cardiac rehabilitation service. Questions a. What went wrong in the revenue cycle? There was no revenue. Like it is listed above after auditing the remittance advice logs and medical records, the Revenue Cycle Team has determined that medical necessity is not being met for code 93798 (Physician services for outpatient cardiac rehabilitation; with continuous ECG monitoring [per session]) and around $20,790.00 was written off due to ABN’s (Advance Beneficiary Notice) not being issued. b. How would you suggest rectifying this issue? â€Å"This article discusses how Medicare Carriers and Fiscal Intermediaries use coverage determinations to establish medical necessity. When the condition(s) of a patient are expected to not meet medical necessity requirements for a test, procedure, or service, the provider has the obligation under theShow MoreRelatedCase Studies : A Case Study Approach Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesA case study is a specific instance that is frequently designed to illustrate a more general principle (Nisbet and Watt, 1984). Hitchock and Hughes (1995) further suggest that the case study approach is particularly valuable when the researcher has little control over evens. Case studies strives to portray ‘what it like’ to be a particular situation, to catch up reality and ‘thick description’ (Geertz, 1973) of participants’ lives experiences of, thoughts about and feelings for a situation. TheyRead MoreStudy Habits854 Words   |  4 Pagesyear level of students in sc hool becomes higher, their study habits differ from time to time. 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Classical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning - 1693 Words

In this booklet you will find an overview of all the different approaches to psychology. This will consist of the key assumptions, examples of the relevant psychologists and examples of their work, as well as an exploration into the advantages and disadvantages that some of these approaches possess. Behaviourism is a theory of learning based upon the idea that all behaviours are attained through conditioning. Behaviourists believe conditioning occurs when we interact with the environment and that the environment we are in determines the way we respond to a stimulus. The behaviourist approach believes we learn behaviours through association between response and consequence. For instance, by touching a hot iron you will feel pain. Therefore, we learn from this, and know not to touch a hot iron as we associate feeling pain as a consequence of this action. There are two forms of conditioning within the behaviourist approach; classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Behaviourists believe that individuals are born without built-in mental content, known as a ‘blank slate’ and that all behaviours arise from experience or perception. Classical conditioning says that we learn behaviours by associating the response to the stimulus. An example of this can be found from the work of Ivan Pavlov. In the 1890s Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, carried out some experiments with a dogs. He noticed that when a dog eats food, they salivate: this is an unconditional response to anShow MoreRelatedClassical Conditioning And Operant Conditioning1204 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. These forms of learning are very practical and can be seen and used in everyday life. Classical and operant conditioning are different forms of learning which have importance in everyday life and can be found in advertising, PTSD, and even lifestyle changes. 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Furthermore, you will find different theories regarding behaviorism such as classical conditioning and operant conditioning. In order to understand the difference and similarities between the two of them examples have been provided. To fully comprehend in what Behaviorism consists of, modern applications examples of the theory have been also includedRead MoreClassical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning Essay1088 Words   |  5 Pages 1. a) Define Classical Conditioning and Behaviorism. b) Identify the two major characteristics that distinguish classical conditioning from operant conditioning. Classical Conditioning is a type of learning process of an individual when they come in contact with certain stimuli. According to Pavlov, a Russian psychologist, he developed several experiments on learning and he discovered that classical condition is the basic form of learning for an individual. However, according to Pavlov, behaviorism

Israel A Blessing to All Nations Free Essays

â€Å"I will make of you a great nation? And you shall be a blessing? And all the families of the earth shall bless themselves by you† (Gen. 12:2-3). Israel is a blessing to the other nations. We will write a custom essay sample on Israel: A Blessing to All Nations or any similar topic only for you Order Now As long as Israel succeeds in informing other peoples and proving that Yahweh is God, it will be understood to be a blessing to these nations. The very examples often employed to dispel the idea of Israel’s being a blessing serve as evidence to support it. The plagues in Genesis actually prove that Yahweh is God to the Israelites and the Egyptians. In the infamous conquest of Canaan, Rahab and her family are spared because she acknowledges that Yahweh is God. Joseph gathers food to feed the Egyptians during the 7 years of famine. Throughout the Hebrew Bible, the Israelites relationship with other nations ultimately leads its peoples to benefit by the realization that Yahweh is God. At first, Israel’s relationship with the Egyptians does not seem to be a blessing; however, The Plagues result in the Egyptians ultimately perceiving Yahweh as God. God, so that the â€Å"Egyptians shall know that I am Lord† (Exodus 7:3,5), puts the Egyptians through a gauntlet, comprised of some of the worst conceivable ills that can befall man. When God states that He will bring down a hail storm, Pharaoh’s courtiers, â€Å"? who feared the Lord’s word brought their slaves and livestock indoors to safety† (9:20). This quotation signals a change in faith: previously, Pharoah’s courtiers did not pay attention to Moses’ premonitions. Gradually though, the courtiers begin to take notice of Yahweh’s power. Similarly, God vows to unleash locusts all over the land. Pharaoh’s courtiers become increasingly involved with Pharoah’s decisions and favor allowing the Israelites to leave: â€Å"? how long shall this one be a snare to us? Let the men go to worship the Lord our God† (10:7)! Examined carefully, the quotation reads † the Lord our God. † Even though the entire nation does not, Pharaoh’s courtiers accept Yahweh as their God. In a similar manner, Israel’s conquest of Canaan, at Jericho, reaffirms Israel’s status as a blessing. While hiding the two Israelite spies, Rahab confides, † I know that the Lord has given the country to you? for the Lord your God is the only God in heaven above and on earth below† (Josh. 2:9,11). Rahab is a harlot, whom one would presume to be anything but pious. When Israel destroys Jericho, † only Rahab the harlot and her father’s family were spared? and she dwelt among the Israelites? † (6:25). This quotation highlights two important notions: the author’s choice of stating â€Å"her father’s family,† can be interpreted as her immediate family or a larger group of people who also accept Yahweh. Secondly, Rahab’s † dwell[ing] among the Israelites† is a classic example of how the inhabitants of other nations remain and become a part of Israel. By remaining with the Israelites, Rahab embraces the fact that their God is the one and only God. Also part of Israel’s conquest of Canaan, are the events surrounding the city of Gibeon. Upon seeing what Israel had done to Jericho, â€Å"? the people of Gibeon had come to terms with Israel and remained among them? † (Joshua 10:2). This is yet another example of people from other nations accepting Yahweh and becoming a part of Israel. Without having directly experienced what Yahweh is capable of, the Gibeonites immediately identify Him as God. When Joshua arrives with Israel, and realizing what the king’s true intentions are, commands, † Stand still, O sun, at Gibeon,/ O moon, in the Valley of Aijalon† (10:12). Miraculously halting these supernatural forces, Joshua defeats all five armies and kills the kings. These marvels further strengthen the people’s faith in Yahweh and prove again that Israel is a blessing to the cities of Canaan. (israel proves to be a blessing to Canaan because it reveals to Canaan’s people the one true God) Proving that he himself is a blessing to the Egyptians, Joseph saves Egypt and its surrounding nations, from death and starvation. Joseph prophesizes that there will be â€Å"seven years of abundance? After them will come seven years of famine† (Genesis 41:29), and proposes that someone be in charge of gathering food to be used during the famine. Though Joseph is an Israelite, Pharoah puts him in charge of the life-saving task. Just as Joseph foretells, † There was famine in the land, but throughout the land of Egypt there was bread? So all the world came to Joseph in Egypt to procure rations? † (41:54, 57). In the above quotation, Joseph is portrayed as a godlike figure who saves the world from starvation, thus proving himself to be a blessing to the Egyptians and Canaanites. In addition to these cases, in which a named group of people (Pharaoh’s courtiers, Rahab, the Gibeonites) are enlightened to Yahweh’s existence, there are other instances in which unnamed groups of citizens proves Israel to be a blessing. As Israel finally departs from Egypt, the author describes how there are † about six thousand men on foot, aside from children. Moreover, a mixed multitude went up with them? † (Exodus 12:37-38). The author specifically mentions that â€Å"a mixed multitude,† which is understood to mean non-Israelites, joins the Israelites and recognizes Yahweh as God. In I Samuel, Israel is at conflict with the Philistines and has suffered a defeat because the Ark of the Lord is in Shiloh and not with the Israelites. Upon hearing Israel’s joyous shouts, the Philistines become † frightened† and question, † God has come to the camp? Who will save us from the power of this mighty God† (4:7-8)? The inhabitants of other nations previously refer to Yahweh, as † the God of Israel† or â€Å"the God of the Hebrews. However, in this quotation, the Philistines refer to Yahweh as if they are speaking of their own god, by omitting a distinction of whom He rules. After Israel captures Edom, â€Å"? all the Edomites became vassals of David† (II Sam. 8:14). Initially, this is capture is not seen as a blessing. However, after examining what nations ty pically did after capturing another nation, Israel is truly a blessing, because not only did Israel refrain from destroying, robbing, and murdering the citizens and the city, but instead appointed them to official positions. Israel’s conquests prove to be a blessing to other nations, as they allow the peoples to live by accepting Yahweh as God. Though Israel’s actions may not initially allow it to be apparent, Israel is a blessing to other nations. It is true that many people suffer, some innocently and others because they chose not to accept Yahweh as God. However, the Tanakh says it is much better to die with the truth, than it is to live in ignorance. How to cite Israel: A Blessing to All Nations, Essay examples

The Power of Art

Introduction Art could be referred as an expression of individual experience, the way world is understood, valued, observed and celebrated. The traditional method of classifying art has mostly been based on the products.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Power of Art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Artworks are identified in terms of inherent features found in them either as phenomena or objects. That approach leads to generic categorizations which are observed in drama centre, conservatorium, and art schools. Whatever is referred as ‘the arts’ currently, sometimes back they were essential part of daily life (Freeland 2002:8). Freeland has analyzed various philosophers and there contribution to different forms of art through their theories. His work focuses on history of art when it had no value until currently. His work therefore focuses the value of art and attempts to answer the ambiguous quest ion what art is and its meaning. In different dialects, no word could be used to collectively explain the range of creative activities. As a result of specialization this led to division of labor during industrial revolution, as a result, there was a specified time when one could identify that the arts were professional undertakings. The art was separated from the other life activities and became significant to some people. There are many critics involved in this field in an attempt to analyze the real value of art. Plato who was a known philosopher was among the first to explore the field of art. His work criticized poetry particularly focusing poets originating from his city. Plato viewed poetry and arts negatively as opposed to Aristotle who developed a theory on aesthetic basing his arguments on Plato’s ideas. Aristotle concurs with Plato that art had a deep impact on someone’s emotions.Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get yo ur first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Plato argued that the fears and passions which are experienced by audiences during dreadful performances could affect their personality. On the other, hand Aristotle claims that such emotions never corrupt but they cleanse. Therefore, the view of Plato on poetry is a contrast of Aristotle’s concept. Platonic concept has a noticeable influence on Western civilization. Mainly it has focused on certain era in history, in an attempt to introduce some cultural strategies to transform cultural policy. His work challenges the Puritan attack around 1642 together with theatre prohibition in England. His work is diversified; Plato also caused a great impact on the understanding of poetry in the Western. This was when Plato invented the theory of poetical inspiration which brought about an outstanding change (Belfiore 2006:231). Belfiore has been involved in art work for a long time being the head of international cultural policy. Her work discusses on social impact of arts and its position in the cultural policy. In addition, her work challenges the claims which had been made earlier concerning the effect of art on the society and individual. Therefore, her work remains important until today because it explains the power of art and fights for its success. There are other theorists who also explored the function of art for instance, Carey who was a professor of art and also depicted as a critic. His work argues that Literature is superior as compared to other arts. His work criticizes some sources of art and challenges their contribution to the modern society. His work also challenges some literary sources because they appear to be vague and insignificant.Carey claims that literature does not entail just a feeling of pleasure as in painting or music which does not portray the difficult part of art. Further argues that it’s only literature which can instill good morals.Advertising We will write a custom es say sample on The Power of Art specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However Carey to some extent values art and reports that it expresses emotions such as anger, fear and desire (Carey 2005: 36). Hence there are different views on the function of arts as discussed by critics from the past decades until presently. The paper focuses on the power of art by assessing the function of art in the society. Background Creative arts (arts and media) consist of various sectors which were initially called cultural industries. These sectors include literature, visual arts and those arts which are performed. There has been drastic change in the government in terms of their attitude towards culture and creativity. Creative industry is a term which has been commonly used as a form of rebranding culture. Cultural industry was originally used to mean commercial entertainment such as recorded music, film, and publishing (Garnham 2005:19). Intellectual prope rty enables people to appreciate the products from their own creativity. This ensures that one has some goods or products to sell which enables one to exercise moral and economic rights over those products. Garnham reports that in United Kingdom, copyright is currently regarded as the major organizing principle in creative industries and it defines the cultural industries. Various types of creative activities such as engineering, academia and science generate intellectual property. Policy discourse includes copyright industries, knowledge industries and intellectual property industries. The policy discourse covers the media and the arts which are referred as the creative industries. The policy issues involved in this research were established several centuries in the disciplines of art and media. In the past, there was an obvious demarcation between arts policy and arts and commerce, and policy related to mass media (Garnham 2005:19).Advertising Looking for essay on art? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Thus there was provision of popular or mass culture, and the main issues were pluralism and press freedom, security of national film industry, and the management and provision of public service broadcasting. In United Kingdom, there was division of responsibility of the policy between Press industry and Department of Trade. Concerning the broadcasting and press policy, the development involved several Royal Commissions for Public Inquiries and press broadcasting. Mobilization of the term cultural industries to creative industries led to redrawing of various boundaries (Selwood 2000: 59). They included redefinitions of the foundations, instruments and purposes of the policy. Those changes caused economic arguments which are related to dynamics and the structure of the industries, their position and comparative weight within the economy, and so the relationship between industrial and economic policy and cultural policy. The shift of creative industry from culture industry was motivate d by certain political context which remains to be historical. In addition, it led to different focuses concerning the policy issue during early 1980s. This involved a shift from state to the industry with extensive assortment of public provision. That describes the reinforcement and the shift to managerial and economic patterns and language of thought in media and cultural policy (Garnham 2005:22). Great art discloses the importance of age in terms of, who produced the art and when. Hence it is essential to consider who initiated the creativity art and when in order to understand how it influenced the form. For instance, Mona Lisa which portrays the creativity and beauty of art was produced by Leonardo. This depicts the value placed on beauty and grace by Italians during Renaissance. It’s evident that Leonardo was a scientific observer mainly the nature, self-directed thinker, imaginative pioneer and more so brilliant artist. Most importantly, his work illustrated important concept of Renaissance which yielded to the current perception of individualism. To some extent, the charisma of Leonardo art indicates that it was produced by one of the pioneer who was regarded as creative genius in relation to contemporary sense. Leonardo sacrificed a lot of time working on the art; it took many decades to finish despite the fact that it was carried everywhere. No wonder it had the same fascination to many viewers and finally was placed in Paris museum. Finally it was recognized as part of French and Italian culture (Lewis 2008:5). Women’s images were omnipresent in America during the past century, everything was decorated. This was done through sculptures and paintings; they were involved in extensive and diverse activities which showed different identities. This depicted how they developed from symbolic and mythical nature to contemporary. Around 1870s, they painted nude women and others such as Ariadne who was acting a certain myth. In 1880s there were more poetic materials which predominated for instance, popular evidence is the book called ‘American Figure Painters’ (Hook 1996:1). Most of those paintings displayed woman as allegorical subjects and the titles used were evocative to show how women occupied an ideal or symbolic realm. The arts represented the feminine gender and how they were viewed by American society during 19th century. Idealized women paintings acted as sites of several interconnected artistic, historical, societal and cultural discourses. Those images could satisfy the artist’s meaning for art, and none of the other subjects could since their female complement were viewed to occupy a position which was similar to art itself (Hook 1996:7). Functions of Art in the society Cultural Industries (Arts and media) and Culture The idea of culture industry was first observed in academic, later in policy and political discourse around 1960s. That return originated from a resurgence of Western Marxism which concentrated on hegemony and ideology, and the reinstitution of Frankfurt School and generally cultural turn. Sociologically, that shifted concentration from assessment of class divisions and social structure to cultural analysis. Social cohesion was by then described according to common belief systems, social domination according to cultural supremacy and social struggles were never associated with economic power and material allocation, but was viewed as struggle between identity groups and sub cultures for legitimation and recognition. Nevertheless, the term cultural industry which was applied by that time did not signify replay of Frankfurt School. This was because it did not reflect the superior, cultural pessimism observed in Frankfurt School or even the unique version of Marxist economics which underpinned it. Moreover, there was replacement of traditional working class politics which were founded on production with cultural politics. Oppositional political practice als o shifted from trade unions, factories and political parties to the rock concert, the home and mainly the classrooms. To some extent, that position was connected to decisive rejection of cultural pessimism of Frankfurt School and commercial social democratic critique. That was mostly in American commercial, culture which favored positive revaluation, popular culture and treasonable decoding authority of audience. In addition, cultural industries led to emergence of a rival school dealing with analysis, it was later called political economy school. Those analysts originated from media studies and individuals who had participated in assessment of social democratic policy of film, the press and broadcasting industries (Galloway and Dunlop 2007:20). Creative arts have mainly caused a difference on cultural practices. It has eliminated class divisions and social organizations which brought divisions. As a result, social cohesion has been achieved through common cultural beliefs and distr ibution of resources hence more understanding and growth. Effects on Political Economy Concerning political economy, cultural industries emphasized on the unique nature of dynamics and economic structure of the cultural sector. This originated from immaterial or symbolic nature of the products associated with cultural sector. That assessment has been very significant during 1980s to 1990s when the liberalizing, deregulatory wave affected the British media sector. This led to some pertinence in a motion about broadcasting regulation and public service broadcasting defense which led to approval of Broadcasting Act in 2003 and instituting of regulatory body Ofcom. As a result, cultural industries or sector were characterized by increased costs of production which were fixed and minimal to almost zero marginal costs of distribution and reproduction (Myerscough 1988:87). This favored audience maximization, economies of scale, and horizontal and vertical concentration. In, addition, the d emand was unpredictable because the information had to be new to maintain value, hence the consumers and producers could not foretell what they wanted. The large corporations were favored since they had enough money to operate through economies of scale. Moreover, the cost of marketing increased in proportion to total cost (Howkins 2001:91). The market strategies which were developed to control the endemic problem focused on; the structure, and regulation of the entire sector and most significant indirect funding through advertisement. Therefore the debate of state intervention, privatization and regulation of cultural sector, price mechanism strategies could not apply. In addition, the issue of intellectual property and copyright industry (the other alternative of creative industries) also arise concurrently. Therefore, art brought significant difference on the economy which in turn affected the political stability allover. Creative Industries and Information Society The term creat ive has been used rather than cultural to indicate an effort of cultural policy and the cultural sector to share their ideas with the government, and the presentation of policy in the media and its attachment to information society. One major concept shared between information society and cultural turn school is the stressed issue on significance of cultural or symbolic production, commonly called knowledge or information according to capitalist economies. The extensive emphasis contains different analyses within it which focuses on the nature of that developing importance and various economic forms associated with it. Those different analyses lead to various assessments on significance of cultural sector in the area of media and arts, and nature and function of information work and workers. The concept of knowledge or information has led to industrial revolution which has brought significant cultural and social changes as justified by the term information society (Garnham 2005:27). Consequently creative art has had noticeable effects on information society through creating awareness and understanding. This is reflected in the media and visual art which have brought self realization. Function of art as aesthetic and expressing emotions According to philosophers, art expresses aesthetic concept because it copies nature hence it describes appearance. The discernment world seems to be unreal; however through appearance some reality is expressed. However, the world of art is described through the appearance itself. Thus the aesthetic experience is expressed through imaginations and the objects portrayed are the images. Plato acknowledged poetry and the significant identity depicted in painting. Plato uses such arts to describe beauty. On the other hand, Socrates describes art as beauty, and further claims that it’s an exercise of emotions. The philosophers argue that the emotionality of art is created through imagination. The imaginative idea is expressed a s real through a symbol (Collingwood 2011:163). The emotional art tends to be formed in the mind and then through symbolism it’s what one observes as the image. Therefore art is significant in creating such images which expresses beauty. Creative art has caused great impact on imagery through use of symbolism which expresses emotions. Also art expresses beauty from the images formed in the mind they become real through art. Hence art helps one to express beauty and emotions in various forms. Conclusion Some few centuries back, art was not regarded as important and was not recognized in the society. In fact, art was not even referred as part of the professionals that existed and there were no experts were associated with this field. As a result of industrial revolution, there was specialization which led to division of labor. This led to awareness of art and more experts started coming up. Art is an important tool in the society because it communicates societal values. Artists borrow their ideas from their society therefore artworks portray diversity of values and beliefs in different cultures. As portrayed in the paper, creative industry refers to media and arts which were initially called cultural industries. This department did not exist earlier since there were no approved policies to support it. Creative industry was disregarded and it required powerful critics to stand firm and fight for its approval. Nevertheless, there were policies which were later approved and the department became recognized. This brought many changes both socially, culturally and economically. Reference List Belfiore, E. 2006. The unacknowledged legacy Plato, the republic and cultural policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, Vol. 12, No. 2, 229-244. Carey, J. 2005. What Good are the arts? London: Faber Collingwood, R. 2011.Plato’s Philosophy of Art. Retrieved from mind. oxford journals.org. London: metropolitan University Freeland, C. 2002. But is it Art? An I ntroduction to Art Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Galloway, S., Dunlop, S. 2007.A critique of definitions of cultural and creative industries in public policy. International Journal of Cultural Policy, Vol. 13, No. 1. Web. Garnham, N. 2005.From Cultural to Creative Industries. International Journal of Cultural Policy, Vol. 11, No. 1. Web. Hook, B. 1996. Angels of art: women and art in American society, 1876-1914. Pennsylvania: Penn State Press. Howkins, J. 2001. The Creative Economy. London: Penguin Lewis, R., Lewis, S. 2008.The Power of Art. New Mexico: Cengage Learning. Myerscough, J. 1988. The Economic Importance of the Arts in Great Britain. London: Policy Studies Institute Selwood, S. 2000. The UK Cultural Sector. London: Policy Studies Institute This essay on The Power of Art was written and submitted by user Devin Mitchell to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.